γ h2ax  (Novus Biologicals)

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Gynostemma pentaphyllum -derived extracellular vesicles alleviate skin aging by destabilizing STING

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.03.010

Figure Lengend Snippet: The application of GPEVs alleviate d histopathological injury in UVB- irradiated Balb/C mice. Mice were randomly divided into five groups and subjected to a graded escalation of UVB irradiation doses in the presence or absence of GPEVs (n = 6 for each group). (A) The flow chart represents the establishment of UVB irradiation-induced skin aging model and GPEVs treatment design. (B) The skin moisture levels of mice from each group were recorded throughout the duration of the experiment. (C) Representative images of the mouse dorsal skin from each group. (D) The semi-quantitative macroscopic scoring of skin aging was assessed in each group. (E) The representative H&E images of mice skin from each group. Scale bar: 200 μm. (F) The quantification of the epidermis thickness in all five groups. (G and H) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantification of γ-H2AX in skin tissue sections. The analysis of γ-H2AX fluorescence was conducted utilizing Image J software. Data are represented as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. Not significant (ns), ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used included γ-H2AX and CTCF (1:1,000, Cell Signaling), p21 and STING (diluted 1:1,000, Cell Signaling).

Techniques: Irradiation, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Software

Journal: Toxics

Article Title: Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, DNA Repair Inhibition, and Apoptosis Induced by Lead and Cadmium Combined Exposure in TK6 Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxics14040341

Figure Lengend Snippet: DNA damage markers induced by Pb and/or Cd in TK6 cells. ( A , C ) representative immunofluorescence staining images and quantification of γ-H2AX fluorescence intensity in TK6 cells. ( B , D , E ) representative the Comet assay images and quantitative analyses of Tail Length and Tail DNA%. Note: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 for Pb and/or Cd group vs. the control group; while ## p < 0.01 for the single exposure groups vs. the mixed group; § p < 0.05, §§ p < 0.01 for the resveratrol group vs. the mixed group.

Article Snippet: DNA damage was further assessed using a γ-H2AX detection kit (Beyotime, Shanghai, China; C2035S), which quantifies γ-H2AX levels, a well-established biomarker for DNA double-strand breaks.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Fluorescence, Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis, Control